Advisory: Geo++(R) GNCASTER: Insecure handling of long URLs

During a penetration test, RedTeam Pentesting discovered that the
GNCASTER software does not handle long URLs correctly. An attacker can
use this to crash the server software or potentially execute code on the
server.

### Details

- Product: Geo++(R) GNCASTER
- Affected Versions: \<= 1.4.0.7
- Fixed Versions: 1.4.0.8
- Vulnerability Type: Memory corruption
- Security Risk: high
- Vendor URL: `http://www.geopp.de`
- Vendor Status: notified
- Advisory URL: `https://www.redteam-pentesting.de/advisories/rt-sa-2010-001`
- Advisory Status: published
- CVE: CVE-2010-0552
- CVE URL: `https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2010-0552`

### Introduction

"Geo++(R) GNCASTER is the Geo++ implementation of a NTRIP caster. NTRIP
is a protocol within RTCM to provide GNSS information via Internet."

(from the vendor's homepage)

### More Details

The GNCaster software allows communication with clients through a subset
of the HTTP protocol. If an attacker sends an HTTP GET request for a
nonexistent URL path and the request is less than 988 bytes long, the
server reacts with an HTTP 404 error and the message

> File "/AAAAAA\[...\]AAAA" not found on this server.

If the URL path length is 988 bytes or more, the HTTP 404 error is still
returned but the server thread stops before returning the message above.

If attackers send a sequence of such requests in quick succession, the
server can be reproducibly crashed. RedTeam Pentesting believes it is
also possible to exploit this vulnerability to execute code on the
server.

### Proof of Concept

The following command can be used to crash the server if it is called
multiple times:

\$ curl -i "`http://gncaster.example.com:1234/%60perl` -e 'printf "A"x988'\`"

### Workaround

A vulnerable server could be protected from this vulnerability by an
application layer firewall that filters overly long HTTP GET requests.

### Fix

Update GNCASTER to version 1.4.0.8.

### Security Risk

This vulnerability can be used for very efficient DoS attacks. This is
especially serious as GNCaster is a real time application that is
typically used by multiple mobile clients that rely on a functioning
server. The vulnerability could potentially also be leveraged to remote
code execution on the server. The risk is therefore regarded as high.

### History

- 2009-07-06 Vulnerability identified during a penetration test
- 2009-07-14 Meeting with customer
- 2009-12-01 Vendor releases fixed version
- 2010-01-27 Advisory released
- 2011-09-07 CVE information added

### RedTeam Pentesting GmbH

RedTeam Pentesting offers individual penetration tests, short pentests,
performed by a team of specialised IT-security experts. Hereby, security
weaknesses in company networks or products are uncovered and can be
fixed immediately.

As there are only few experts in this field, RedTeam Pentesting wants to
share its knowledge and enhance the public knowledge with research in
security-related areas. The results are made available as public
security advisories.

More information about RedTeam Pentesting can be found at
`https://www.redteam-pentesting.de`.